PART工GENERAL CONDITIONS
第一章 總則

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION
定義和釋義
1．（1）In the Contract，as hereinafter defined，the following words and expressions shall have the meanings hereby assigned to them，except where the context otherwise requires：
1．1在本合同中，除按上下文另具意義者外，下列詞語應解釋如下：
（a）Employer means the party named in Part II who will employ the Contractor and the legal successors in title to the Employer，but not，except with the consent of the Contractor，any assignee of the Employer．
“業主”指第二章中所指定的雇用承包人的一方或其權利繼承人，但不包括業主的受讓人，經承包人同意者除外。
（b）“Contractor”means the person or persons，firm or company whose tender has been accepted by the Employerand includes the Contractor’s personal representatives，successors and permitted assigns．
“承包人”指標書已被業主接受的某個或某些人、商行或公司，包括其個人代表，繼承人和業經認可的受讓人。
（c）“Engineer”means the Engineer designated as such in Part II，or other Engineer appointed from time to time by the Employer and notified in writing to the Contractor to act as Engineer for the purposes of the Contract in place of the Engineer、designated．
“工程師”指第二章中所指定的工程師，或由業主隨時任命且書面通知承包人以代替指定工程師履行合同職責的其他工程師。
（d) Engineer’s Representative means any resident engineer or assistant of the Engineer or any clerk of works appointed from time to time by the Employer or the Engineer to perform the duties set forth in Clause 2 hereof，whose authority shall be notified in writing to the Contractor by the Engineer．
“工程師代表”指任何常駐工程技術人員、工程師助手，或由業主或工程師隨時任命履行本合同第二條規定職責的任何工程現場監督，其權限應由工程師書面通告承包人。
（e) “Works” shall include both Permanent Works and Temporary Works，
“工程”包括永久性工程和臨建工程。
（f）“Contract” means the Conditions of Contract，specification，Drawings，priced Bill of Quantities，Schedule of Rates and Prices，if any，Tender，Letter of Acceptance and the Contract Agreement，if completed．
“合同”指合同條款、技術規范、圖紙、標價的建筑工程清單、單價和價格表（如果有），還可指標書、接受證書以及承包協議（如已完成）。
（g) “Contract Price” means the sum named in the Letter of Acceptance, subject to such additions thereto or deductions therefrom as may be made under the provisions hereinafter contained．
“合同價格”指在接受證書中確定的數額，可按本合同以下條款規定增減。
（h)“Constructional Plant means all appliances or things of whatsoever nature required in or about the execution or maintenance of the Works but does not include materials or other things intended to form or forming part of the Permanent Works．
“建筑設備”指工程施工和維修中或有關施工和維修所需的全部設備或物品，不論任何性質，但不包括旨在構成或正在構成永久性工程某一部分的材料或其他物品。
（i）“Temporary Works means all temporary works of every kind required in or about the execution or maintenance of the Works．
“臨建工程”指工程施工或維修或有關工程施工或維修所需的各種臨時工程。
（j）“Permanent Works”means the permanent works to be executed and maintained in accordance with the Contract．
“永久性工程”指按合同將施工和維修的永久工程。
（k） “Specification” means the specification referred to in the Tender and any modification thereof or addition thereto as may from time to time be furnished or approved in writing by the Engineer．
“技術規范”指在標書或任何標書更改中提及的規范，或由工程師隨時可能增加或書面同意增加的部分。
（1）“Drawings” means the drawings referred to in the Specification and any modification of such drawings approved in writing by the Engineer and such other drawings as may from time to time be furnished or approved in writing by the Engineer．
“圖紙”指技術規范中規定的圖紙，經工程師書面同意對此種圖紙所作的任何更改，以及可由工程師隨時提供或書面認同的其他圖紙。
（m） “Site” means the land and other places on，under，in or through which the Permanent Works or Temporary Works designed by the Engineer are to be executed and any other lands and places provided by the Employer for working space or any other purpose as may be apecifically designated in the Contract as forming part of the Site．
“工地”指工程師設計的永久性或臨建工程施工所需的土地及其他場地，包括地面、地下、在之上或通過部分，以及由業主所提供的用作臨時儲存或其他目的的其他土地或場所，只要能按合同明文規定構成工地的組成部分。
（n）“Approved” means approved in writing，including subsequent written confirmation ofprevious verbalapproval and“approval means approval in writing，including as aforesaid．
“業經認可”指已經經書面認可，包括過后對口頭認可的書面確認，“認可”指書面認可，包括上述規定在內。
（2）Words importing the singular only also include the plural and vice versa where the context requires
1．2按合同上下文所需，單數含義的單詞也可具有復數的含義，反之一樣。
（3）The headings and marginal notes in these Conditions of Contract shall not be deemed to be part thereof or be taken into consideration in the interpretation or construction thereof or of the Contract．
1．3合同條款的標題和邊注不得視為合同的一部分，不得用于考慮解釋條款或合同。
（4）The word“cost shall be deemed to include overhead costs whether on or off the Site．
1．4“費用”一詞應視為含工地上或以外發生的間接費用。

ENGINEER AND ENGINEER’S REPRF．SFNTATIVE
工程師及工程師代表

2．（1）The Engineer shall carry out such duties in issuing decisions，certificates and orders as are specified in the Contract．In the event of the Engineer being required in terms of his appointment by the Employer to obtain the specific approval of the Employer for the execution of any part of these duties，this shall be set out in Part II of these Conditions．
2．1工程師必須按合同明文規定，履行作決斷、頒發證書和發出指令等職責。如業主簽發的工程師任命書中規定其某些職責的履行得經業主專門認可，其要件應在本合同第二部分予以規定。
（2）The Engineer may from time to time in writing delegate to the Engineers Representative any of the powers and authorities vested in the Engineer and shall furnish to the Contractor and to the Employer a copy of all such written delegations of powers and authorities． Any written instruction or approval given by the Engineer’s Representative to the Contractor within the terms of such delegation，but not otherwise，shall bind the Contractor and the Employer as though it had been given by the Engineer．Provided always as follws：
2．2工程師可隨時書面授權其代表代行其任何職權，但必須將所有此種授權書的副本提交給承包人和業主。在授權期間，工程師代表給承包人的任何書面指令或認可（僅限于此）對承包人和業主具有與工程師的指令或認可同樣的效力。以下規定屬于例外：
（a） Failure of the Engineers Representative to disapprove any work or materials shall not prejudice the power of the Engineer thereafter to disapprove such work or materials and to order the pulling down，removal or breaking up thereof．
工程師代表對任何工程或材料的不予否認，不得影響工程師此后否認以及命令拆毀、移動或拆除此種工程或材料的權力。
（b）If the Contractor shall be dissatisfied by reason of any decisions of the Engineers Representative he shall be entitled to refer the matter to the Engineer，who shall thereupon confirm，reverse or vary such decision．
若承包人對工程師代表的任何決定不滿意，其有權將此決定提交工程師確認、取消或更改。

ASSIGNMENT AND SUB—LETTING
轉讓和分包

3．The Contractor shall not assign the Contract or any part thereof，or any benefit or interest therein or thereunder，otherwise than by a charge in favor of the Contractors bankers of any monies due or to become due under this Contract，without the prior written consent of the Employer．
3．未經業主事前書面同意，承包人不得將合同或其他任何部分，或合同所規定或依合同而產生的任何收益轉讓，向承包人的開戶銀行支付按本合同規定到期或即將到期的款項除外。

4．The Contractor shall not sub-let the whole of the Works．Except where otherwise provided by the Contract，the Contractor shall not sub-let any part of the Works without the prior written consent of the Engineer，which shall not be unreasonably withheld，and such consent，if given，shall not relieve the（contractor from any liability or obligation under the Contract and he shall be responsible for the acts，defaults and neglects of any sub-contractor，his agents，servants or workmen as fully as if they were the acts，defaults or neglects of the Contractor，his agents． servants or workmen．Provided always that the provision of labor on a piecework basis shall not be deemed to be a subletting under the Clause．
4．承包人不得轉包整個工程。除非合同另有規定，未經工程師事前書面同意，承包人也不得分包工程的任何部分，但工程師不得無故不同意分包，一旦同意分包，此種同意不得免去承包人所承擔的任何合同所規定的責任或義務，他必須對任何分包人、其代理人、雇員或工人的行為、不履行和過失負完全責任，如同這些行為、不履行或過失是承包人、其代理人、雇員或工人所為。以計件方式提供勞力不得視為是本條所規定的分包。

CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
合同文件

5．（1）There shall be stated in Part 1I of these Conditions：
5．1以下要件得在合同第二部分規定：
（a）the language or languages in which the Contract documents shall be drawn up and．
用以起草合同文件的語言；
（b）the country or state，the law of which is to apply to the Contract and according to which
the Contract is to be construed．
合同適用哪個國家的法律以及用哪個國家的法律解釋合同。
If the said documents are written in more than one language，the language according to which the Contract is to be construed and interpreted shall also be designated in Part II，being therein designated the “Ruling Language”．
如果文件用一種以上語言作成，用以解釋合同的語言也必須在第二部分中規定，且將被寇為“主體語言”。
（2）Except if and to the extent otherwise provided by the Contract，the provisions of the Conditions of Contract Parts Ⅰ and Ⅱshall prevail over those of any other document forming part of the Contract．Subject to the foregoing，the several documents forming the Contract are to be taken as mutually explanatory of one another，but in case of ambiguities or discrepancies the same shall be explained and adjusted by the Engineer who shall thereupon issue to the Contractor instructions thereon．Provided always that if，in the opinion of the Engineer，compliance with any such instructions shall involve the Contractor in any cost，which by reason of any such ambiguity or discrepancy could not reasonably have been foreseen by the Contractor，the Engineer shall certify and the Employer shall pay such additional sum as may be reasonable to cover such costs．
5．2除合同中另有規定外，合同第一、二部分的條款規定優于其他任何構成合同的文件的規定。以上述規定為準，構成合同的數個文件可視為能互相解釋，如意思含糊或不一致時，由工程師解釋和處理，并由此向承包人發出指令。如工程師認為，服從此種指令會使承包人發生額外費用，而此種費用是承包人由于上述意思含糊或不一致而按理無法預見的，工程師應予以證明，業主必須支付相應的額外款額以補償此種費用。

6．（1）The Drawings shall remain in the sole custody of the Engineer，but two copies thereof shall be furnished to the Contractor free of charge．The Contractor shall provide and make at his own expense any further copies required by him．At the completion of the Contract the Contractor shall return to the Engineer all Drawings provided under the Contract．
6．1圖紙由工程師獨自保管，但須向承包人免費提供兩份副本。承包人所需的其余副本由他自己制作并承擔費用。合同履行后，承包人須將全部合同圖紙歸還工程師。
（2）One copy of the Drawings，furnished to the Contractor as aforesaid，shall be kept by the contractor on the Site and the same shall at all reasonable times be available for inspection and use by the Engineer and the Engineers Representative and by any other person authorized by the Engineer in writing．
6．2承包人必須將按上述規定所提交的一份圖紙副本留在工地，讓工程師及其代表，或工程師書面授權的任何其他人在所有合理的時間內查閱使用。
（3）The Contractor shall give written notice to the Engineer whenever planning or progress of the Works is likely to be delayed or disrupted unless any further drawing or order，including a direction，instruction or approval，is issued by the Engineer within a reasonable time．The notice shall include details of the drawing or order required and of why and by when it is required and of any delay or disruption likely to be suffered if it is late．
6．3如工程師不在適當時間內再提供圖紙或命令，包括指示、指令或認可，工程計劃或進展便可能被延誤或中斷時，承包人必須書面通知工程師。通知書中應詳細說明所需的圖紙或命令，所需原因和時間，以及如果不及時提供而可能造成的任何延誤和中斷。
（4）If，by reason of any failure or inability of the Engineer to issue within a time reasonable in all the circumstances any drawing or order requested by the Contractor in accordance with subclause（3）of this Clause，the Contractor suffers delay and/or incurs costs then the Engineer shall take such delay into account in determining any extension of time to which the Contractor is entitled under Clause 44 hereof and the Contractor shall be paid the amount of such cost as shall be reasonable．
6．4如承包人按本條第3款規定索要圖紙或命令，由于工程師沒有或不能在合理時間內
提供，從而導致承包人誤工和左戊承擔費用，工程師必須考慮此種延誤，以決定是否按本合同第44條規定延長承包人的工期，且只要有理由，承包人所承擔的此種費用必須得到補償。

7．The Engineer shall have full power and authority to supply to the Contractor from time to time, during the progress of the Works，such further drawings and instructions as shall be necessary for the purpose of the proper and adequate execution and maintenance of the Works． The Contractor shall carry out and be bound by the same．
7．在施工期間，工程師全權負責隨時進一步向承包人提供圖紙和指示，以滿足工程正常施工和維護所需。承包人必須執行且受圖紙和指示的約束。

GENERAL OBLIGATIONS
總義務

8．（1）The Contractor shall，subject to the provisions of the Contract，and with due care and diligence, execute and maintain the Works and provide all labor，including the supervision thereof, materials，Constructional Plant and all other things，whether of a temporary or permanent nature，required in and for such execution and maintenance，so far as the necessity for providing the same is specified in or is reasonably to be inferred from the Contract．
8．1承包人必須根據合同條款，對工程的施工和維護予以應有的注意，且提供此種施工和維護所必需的包括勞動管理在內的所有勞力、材料、施工成套設備及其他一切物品，不管其是臨時或長期性質，只要合同明文規定需要或根據合同合理推斷需要。
（2）The Contractor shall take full responsibility for the adequacy，stability and safety of all site operations and methods of construction，provided that the Contractor shall not be responsible, except as may be expressly provided in the Contract，for the design or specification of the Permanent Works，or for the design or specification of any Temporary Works prepared by the Engineer
8．2承包人必須對現場操作和施工方法的恰當、穩定及安全性負全部責任。除非合同另有明文規定，承包人對工程師制定的永久性工程的設計或規格，或臨建工程的設計或規格概不負責。

9．The Contractor shall，when called upon so to do，enter into and execute a Contract Agreement，to be prepared and completed at the cost of the Employer，in the form annexed with such modification as may be necessary，
9．如經要求，承包人必須簽署一承包協議，該協議由業主制定并承擔費用，協議應附帶必要的修正條款。

10．If，for the due performance of the Contract，the Tender shall contain an undertaking by
the Contractor to obtain，when required，a bond or guarantee of an insurance company or bank, or other approved sureties to be jointly and severally bound with the contractor to the Employer, in a sum not exceeding that stated in the Letter of Acceptance for such bond or guarantee，the said insurance company or bank or sureties and the terms of the said bond or guarantee shall be such as shall be approved by the Employer． The obtaining of such bond or guarantee or theprovision of such sureties and the cost of the bond or guarantee to be so entered into shall be at the expense in all respects of the Contractor，unless the Contract otherwise provides．
10．為正常履行合同，在標書中，承包人應承諾按要求取得保險公司或銀行的保單或保函，或其他業經認可由承包人向業主負連帶責任的擔保，其數額不超過驗收證書中規定的保單或保函額，上述保險公司、銀行或擔保以及上述保單或保函的條款必須經業主認可。此種保單或保函的取得或擔保的提供，以及締結保單或保函的費用應全部由承包人承擔，合同中另有規定的除外。

11．The Employer shall have made available to the Contractor with the Tender documents such data on hydrological and sub-surface conditions as shall have been obtained by or on behalf of the Employer from investigations undertaken relevant to the Works and the Tender shall be deemed to have been based on such data，but the Contractor shall be responsible for his own interpretation thereof．
11．業主必須在招標文件中向承包人提供由業主或其代理人在進行工程考察時獲得的水文及地質情況資料，標書必須視為是基于此種資料所制定的，但承包人必須對資料的理解自行負責。
The Contractor shall also be deemed to have inspected and examined the Site and its surroundings and information available in connection therewith and to have satisfied himself，so far as is practicable，before submitting his Tender，as to the form and nature thereof，including the sub-surface conditions，the hydrological and climatic conditions，the extent and nature of work and materials necessary for the completion of the Works，the means of access to the site and the accommodation he may require and，in general，shall be deemed to have obtained all necessary information，subject as above mentioned，as to risks，contingencies and all other circumstances which may influence of affect his Tender．
承包人也必須被視為已視察了工地及周圍環境，查閱了可獲得的有關工地資料，且在提交標書前，對一切實際情況，從形式到性質，包括地質條件、水文和氣候條件、工程范圍和性質以及完成工程所必需的材料、到達工地的交通工具和所需的食宿等感到滿意，總之，承包人必須被視為已得到所有必要的資料，除涉及上述情況外，還涉及風險、意外事件及其他一切可能影響其投標的情況。

12．The Contractor shall be deemed to have satisfied himself before tendering as to the correctness and sufficiency of his Tender for the Works and of the rates and prices stated in the priced Bill of Quantities and the Schedule of Rates and Prices，if any，which Tender rates and prices shall，except insofar as it is otherwise provided in the Contract，cover all his obligations under the Contract and all matters and things necessary for the proper execution and maintenance of the Works．if，however，during the execution of the Works the Contractor shall encounter physical conditions，other than climatic conditions on the Site，or artificial obstructions，which conditions or obstructions could，in his opinion，not have been reasonably foreseen by an experienced contractor，the Contractor shall forthwith give written notice thereof to the Engineers Representative and if，in the opinion of the Engineer，such conditions or artificial obstructions could not have been reasonably foreseen by an experienced contractor，then the Engineer shall certify and the Employer shall pay the additional cost to which the Contractor shallhave been put by reason of such conditions，including the proper and reasonable cost．
12．承包人得被視為在投標前已對其工程標書，對標價的建筑工程清單、單價和價格表（如果有）上所列的單價和價格的正確性和完善性感到滿意，此種投標價格必須貫穿其所有的合同義務，適用于所有為工程的正常施工和維護所必需的事物，除非本合同另有規定。然而，在施工期間，如承包人遇到除工地氣候之外的其他自然情況或人為阻礙，依他所見，此種自然情況或人為阻礙是經驗豐富的承包人也無法預見的，承包人必須立即書面通知工程師代表，如工程師確認此種情況或人為阻礙為經驗豐富的承包人無法合理預見，工程師必須作證且業主支付承包人由于此種情況而承擔的額外費用，包括因遇到此種情況或阻礙而：
（a）of complying with any instruction which the Engineer may issue to the Contractor in connection therewith，and
（1）為執行工程師可能向承包人發出的與此情況有關的任何指示而發生的正當合理的費用，以及
（b）of any proper and reasonable measures approved by the Engineer which the Contractor may take in the absence of specific instructions from the Engineer．as a result of such conditions or obstructions being encountered．
（2）在無工程師具體指示時，承包人可能采取業經工程師認可的恰當和合理措施而發生的正當合理費用。

13．Save insofar as it is legally or physically impossible，the Contractor shall execute and maintain the Works in strict accordance with the Contract to the satisfaction of the Engineer and shall comply with and adhere strictly to the Engineers instructions and directions on any matter whether mentioned in the Contract or not，touching or concerning the Works．The Contractor shall take instructions and directions only from the Engineer or，subject to the limitations referred to in Clause 2 hereof，from the Engineers Representative．
13．除因法律或自然因素而不能之外，承包人必須嚴格按合同規定施工和維護工程，使工程師感到滿意，且必須遵守和嚴格執行工程師有關任何事項的指令和指示，不管合同中是否有規定，提及或涉及到工程，承包人只能從工程師處接受指令和指示，或根據本合同第2條規定，接受工程師代表的指令和指示。

14．（1）Within the time stated in Part 11 of these Conditions，the Contractor shall，after the acceptance of his Tender，submit to the Engineer for his approval a program showing the order of procedure in which he proposes to carry out the Works．The Contractor shall，whenever required by the Engineer or Engineers’Representative，also provide in writing for his information a general description of the arrangements and methods which the Contractor proposes to adopt for the execution of the Works．
14．1中標后，承包人得在第二部分條款規定的時間內向工程師提交一份其計劃施工的程序方案，以征得工程師的認可。承包人還得隨時應工程師或其代表的要求，提供一份承包人的施工計劃安排和方法的說明書，以供其參考。
（2）If at any time it should appear to the Engineer that the actual progress of the Works does not conform to the approved program referred to in sub-clause（1）of this Clause，the Contractorshall produce，at the request of the Engineer，a revised program showing the modifications to the approved program necessary to ensure completion of the Works within the time for completion asdefined in Clause 48 hereof．
14．2不論何時，只要工程師發現工程實際進度與本條第1款規定的業經認可的方案不符，承包人必須應工程師的要求，提供一份修改方案，對原有的方案作必要的修正，以保證工程能在本合同第48條規定的期限內完工。
（3）The submission to and approval by the Engineer or Engineers Representative of such programs of the furnishing of such particulars shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his duties or responsibilities under the Contract．
14．3承包人不得因向工程師或工程師代表提交或經其認可此種方案或因提供此種細節，而被免除任何合同責任或義務。

15．The Contractor shall give or provide all necessary super- intendance during the execution of the Works and as long thereafter as the Engineer may consider necessary for the proper fulfilling of the Contractors obligations under the Contract．The Contractor，or a competent and authorized agent or representative approved of in writing by the Engineer，which approval may at any time be withdrawn，is to be constantly on the Works and shall give his whole time to the super-intendance of the same．If such approval shall be withdrawn by the Engineer，the Contractor shall，as soon as is practicable，having regard to the requirement of replacing him as hereinafter mentioned，after receiving written noticeof suchwithdrawal，remove the agent from the Works and shall not thereafter employ him again on the Works in any capacity and shall replace him by another agent approved by the Engineer．Such authorized agent or representative shall receive，on behalf ofthe Contractor，directions and instructions from the Engineer or， subject to the limitations of Clause 2 hereof，the Engineers Representative．
15．在施工期間，以及其后在工程師認為是為正常履行合同義務而必需時，承包人必須行使一切監督權。承包人，或其經工程師書面認可的全權代理人或代表（此種認可可隨時撤銷）應當隨時在工地，一直進行監督管理。如工程師撤銷對代理人的認可，在接到書面撤銷通知后，承包人必須盡快根據撤換規定，將其撤離工地，且今后不得再在工地上以任何身份雇傭他（她），且用另外一位經工程師認可的代理人予以替代。此種授權代理人或代表得代表承包人接受工程師的指令和指示，或按本合同第2條規定，接受工程師代表的指令和指示。

16．（1）The Contractor shall provide and employ on the Site in connection with the execution and maintenance of the Works．
16．1承包人必須在工地上提供和雇用與施工和工程維護有關的：
（a） only such technical assistants as are skilled and experienced in their respective callings and such sub-agents，foremen and leading hands as are competent to give proper supervision to the work they are required to supervise，and
（1）對本專業熟悉和經驗豐富的技術人員，能勝任規定監管工作的分代理人、工頭和領班，以及
（b）such skilled，semi-skilled and unskilled labor as is necessary for the proper and timely execution and maintenance of the Works．
（2）為正常和及時施工和維護工程所需的熟練、半熟練和非熟練工人。
（2）The Engineer shall be at liberty to object to and require the Contractor to remove forthwith from the Works any person employed by the Contractor in or about the execution ormaintenance of the Works who，in the opinion of the Engineer，misconducts himself，or is incompetent or negligent in the proper performance of his duties，or whose employment is otherwise considered by the Engineer to be undesirable and such person shall not be again employed upon the Works without the written permission of the Engineer．Any person so removed from the Works shall be replaced as soon as possible by a competent substitute approved by the Engineer．
16．2如工程師認為承包人雇來進行或有關施工或工程維護的任何人員行為不軌、或不能或疏于履行其職責、或認為其雇傭純屬不必要，工程師有權反對雇傭，并要求承包人立即將其從工地解雇，未經工程師的書面同意，此種人員不得再被雇用到工地。凡被從工地解雇人員的職位應盡快由工程師認可的稱職人選接替。

17．The Contractor shall be responsible for the true and proper setting-out of the Works in relation to original points，lines and levels of reference given by the Engineer in writing and for the correctness，subject as above mentioned，of the position，levels，dimensions and alignment of all parts of the Works and for the provision of all necessary instruments，appliances and labor in connection therewith．If，at any time during the progress of the Works，any error shall appear or arise in the position，levels，dimensions or alignment of any part of the Works，the Contractor， on being required so to do by the Engineer or the Engineers Representative，shall，at his own cost，rectify such error to the satisfaction of the Engineer or the Engineers Representative，unless such error is based on incorrect data supplied in writing by the Engineer or the Engineers Representative，in which case the expense of rectifying the same shall be borne by the Employer． The checking of any setting-out or of any line or level by the Engineer or the Engineers Representative shall not in any way relieve the Contractor of his responsibility for the correctness thereof and the Contractor shall carefully protect and preserve all bench-marks， sight-rails，pegs and other things used in setting-out the Works．
17．承包人負責按工程師提交的書面參考原圖的有關點、線和面的規定，忠實恰當地進行測定放線，如上所述，使工程的位置、水平、面積正確無誤，并校準工程的各部分，且負責提供與工程相關的所有必要工具、設備和勞力。在施工中，如任何時候在工程的位置、水平、面積或工程任何部分的校正出現差錯，應工程師或工程師代表的要求，承包人必須改正錯誤以使工程師或工程師代表滿意，改正費用由承包人自己承擔，此種錯誤是由工程師或工程師代表提供的書面資料差錯而導致的除外，在這種情況下，須由業主承擔改正費用。承包人不得因工程師或工程師代表對任何位置測定或任何線或任何水平面的檢查而免去確保其正確無誤的責任，承包人必須仔細保護和保存工程位置測定中使用過的水準點、觀測桿、測標及其他物品。

18．If，at any time during the execution of the Works，the Engineer shall require the Contractor to make bore holes or to carry out exploratory excavation，such requirement shall be ordered in writing and shall be deemed to be an addition ordered under the provisions of Clause 51 hereof，unless a provisional sum in respect of such anticipated work shall have been included in the Bill of Quantities．
18．在施工中，工程師如在任何時間要求承包人鉆孔或進行挖掘勘探，此種要求必須作成書面形式，且得視為是根據本合同第51條規定作出的附加命令，除非數量清單中已經列有有關此種預計工程的備用款。

19．The Contractor shall in connection with the Works provide and maintain at his own cost all lights，guards，fencing and watching when and where necessary or required by the Engineer or the Engineers Representative，or by any duly constituted authority， for the protection of the Works，or for the safety and convenience of the public or others．
19．凡有必要或應工程師或工程師代表、或任何正式成立的工程管理處的要求，承包人必須自費提供和維護與工程有關的所有燈光、警衛、柵欄和看護以保衛工程，或保障公眾及其他人的安全和便利。

20．（1）From the commencement of the Works until the date stated in the Certificate of completion for the whole of the Works pursuant to Clause 48 hereof the Contractor shall take full responsibility for the care thereof．Provided that if the Engineer shall issue a Certificate of Completion in respect of any part of the Permanent Works the Contractor shall cease to be liable for the care of that part of the Permanent Works from the date stated in the Certificate of Completion in respect of that part and the responsibility for the care of that part shall pass to the Employer． Provided further that the Contractor shall take full responsibility for the care of any outstanding work which he shall have undertaken to finish during the Period of Maintenance until such outstanding work is completed．In case any damage，loss or injury shall happen to the Works，or to any part thereof，from any cause whatsoever，save and except the excepted risks as defined in subclause（2）of this Clause，while the Contractor shall be responsible for the care thereof the Contractor shall，at his own cost，repair and make good the same，so that at completion the Permanent Works shall be in good order and condition and in conformity in every respect with the requirements of the Contract and the Engineers instructions．In the event of any such damage loss or injury happening from any of the excepted risks，the Contractor shall，if and to the extent required by the Engineer and subject always to the provisions of Clause 65 hereof， repair and make good the same as aforesaid at the cost of the Employer．The Contractor shall also be liable for any damage to the Works occasioned by him in the course of any operations carried out by him for the purpose of completing any outstanding work or complying with his obligations under Clauses 49 or 50 hereof．
20．1從開工至按本合同第48條中的竣工證書規定的日期為止，承包人都得對工程全權負責。只要工程師就永久性工程的任何部分簽發了竣工證書，承包人從部分竣工證書中規定的日期起不再對永久性工程的此部分負責，此部分的責任則轉至業主。此外，承包人必須對任何尚未完工而他得在維護期內完成的工程負全權維護，直至此種工程完工。如工程或其任何部分出現任何損害、損失或毀壞，不論何種原因，除本條第2款規定的除外風險外，承包人均得自費負責修理和修補，以確保永久性工程竣工時處于狀態良好，各方面都合乎合同的要求和工程師的指示。如因除外風險而導致任何損害、損失或毀壞發生，承包人必須應工程師的要求（如果有）以及本合同第65條的規定，如上所述，進行修理和修補，費用由業主承擔。承包人也必須對為完成未竣工程或履行本合同第49或50條規定的義務，在施工過程中對工程造成的任何損害負責。
（2）“The excepted risks are war，hostilities（whether war be declared or not），invasion act of foreign enemies，rebellion，revolution，insurrection or military or usurped power，civil war，or unless solely restricted to employees of the Contractor or of his sub-contractors and arisingfrom the conduct of the Works，riot，commotion or disorder，or use or occupation by the Employer of any part of the Permanent Works，or a cause solely due to the Engineers design of the Works，or ionizing radiation，or contamination by radio-activity from any nuclear fuel or from any nuclear waste from the combustion of nuclear fuel，radio-active toxic explosive，or other hazardous properties of any explosive，nuclear assembly or nuclear component thereof，pressure waves caused by aircraft or other aerial devices travelling at sonic or supersonic speeds，or any such operation of the forces of nature as an experienced contractor could not foresee，or reasonably -make provision for or insure against all of which are herein collectively referred to as“the excepted risks．
20．2“除外風險”包括戰爭、敵對狀態（無論是否宣戰）、侵略、外國敵人行為、叛亂、革命、起義或兵變或篡權、內戰、或不是由承包商的雇員、其轉包人單獨制造和不是因工程管理而發生的暴動、騷亂或混亂、或因業主使用或占用任何部分的永久性工程、或純屬工程師工程設計的原因、或因任何核燃料或核燃料燃燒后的廢料以及放射性有毒爆炸物引起的輻射和污染、或任何爆炸物、核裝置或核裝置部件的其他危險特性、以音速、超音速飛行的飛機或其他飛行物的壓力波以及其他任何此種自然力的作用，其不能為有經驗的承包商所預見，也不能合理提供物資或投保與之對抗，所有這一切在本合同中都被稱為“除外風險”。

21．Without limiting his obligations and responsibilities under Clause 20 hereof，the Contractor shall insure in the joint names of the Employer and the Contractor against all loss or damage from whatever cause arising，other than the excepted risks，for which he is responsible under the terms of the Contract and in such manner that the Employer and Contractor are covered for the period stipulated in Clause 20（1）hereof and are also covered during the Period of Maintenance for loss or damage arising from a cause，occurring prior to the commencement of the Period of Maintenance，and for any loss or damage occasioned by the Contractor in the course of any operations carried out by him for the purpose of complying with his obligations under Clauses 49 and 50 hereof；
21．承包人必須以業主和承包人的共同名義，為防止合同規定的應由承包人負責的、除外風險外的一切損失或損害投保，不論其由什么原因造成，此種投保不得減少本合同第20條所規定的承包人的義務和責任，業主和承包人的保險除包括本合同第20．1條規定的期限外，還包括因維護期開始前發生的原因而在維護期內產生的損失或損害，以及承包人在履行本合同第49或50條規定的義務而開展任何工作期間所造成的任何損失或損害。投保項目包括：
（a）The Works for the time being executed to the estimated current contract value thereof，or such additional sum as may be specified in Part 11 in the Clause numbered 21，together with the materials for incorporation in the works at their replacement value．
（1）正在施工的工程，按其目前的合同價值，或按21條第2款可能規定的附加款額，連同按替換價值計算的用于工程的材料。
（b）The Constructional Plant and other things brought on to thethe replacement value of such Constructional Plant and other things．
（2）承包商帶到工地上的建筑成套設備和其他物品，按其替換價值投保。
Such insurance shall be effected with an insurer and in terms apwhich approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, and the Contractor shall , whenever required , produce to the Engineer or the Engineers Representative the policy or policies of insurance and the receipts for payment of the current premiums．
此種保險必須在一保險公司投放，條款得經業主認可，業主不得無故不同意投保，承包人必須隨時應要求向工程師或工程師代表出示保險單和支付現行保險費的收據。

22．（1）The Contractor shall，except if and so far as the Contract provides otherwise，indemnify the Employer against all losses and claims in respect of injuries or damage to any person or material or physical damage to any property whatsoever which may arise out of or in consequence of the execution and maintenance of the Works and against all claims，proceedings，damages，costs，charges and expenses whatsoever in respect of or in relation thereto except any compensation or damages for or with respect to：
22．1除合同另有規定外，承包人必須保護業主不得因施工和工程維護而產生或導致的任何人員傷害、材料損失及財產損失而受任何損失和作任何賠償，且不因所有與之有關的任何索賠、訴訟、損害賠償金、訴訟費、開支和費用而受損失，對下列事項所作或與之有關的補償或損害賠償除外：
（a）The permanent use or occupation of land by the Works or any part thereof．
工程或部分工程永久使用或占用土地；
（b）The right of the Employer to execute the Works or any part thereof on，over，under in or through any land．
業主在任何土地面上、上方、下面、里面或經過部分施工或部分施工的權利；
（c）Injuries or damage to persons or property which are the unavoidable result of the execution or maintenance of the Works in accordance with the Contract．
按合同規定施工或維護工程而不可避免的人身傷害或財產損失；
（d）Injuries or damage to persons or property resulting from any act or neglect of the Employer，his agents，servants or other contractors，not being employed by the Contractor，or for or in respect of any claims，proceedings，damages，costs，charges and expenses in respect thereof or in relation thereto or where the injury or damage was contributed to by the Contractor， his servants or agents such part of the compensation as may be just and equitable having regard to the extent of the responsibility of the Employer，his servants or agents or other contractors for the damage or injury．
因業主、其代理人、雇員或其他不為承包人所雇用的承包商的任何行為或過失所造成的人員傷害或財產損失，或與之有關的任何索賠、訴訟、損害賠償金、訴訟費、開支和費用，或曾由承包人、其雇員或代理人承擔的，但原本應當由業主、其雇員或代理人或其他承包商負責的那部分涉及損失或傷害的賠償。
（2）The Employer shall indemnify the Contractor against all claims，proceedings，damages，costs, charges and expenses in respect of the matters referred to in the provision sub-clause （1）of this Clause．
22．2業主必須保護承包人不因與本條第1款規定事項有關的一切索賠、訴訟、損害賠償金、訴訟費、開支和費用而受損失。

23．（1）Before commencing the execution of the Works the Contractor，but without limiting
his obligations and responsibilities under Clause 22 hereof，shall insure against his liability for anymaterial or physical damage，loss or injury which may occur to any property，including that of the Employer，or to any person，including any employee of the Employer，by or arising out of the
execution of the Works or in the carrying out of the Contract，otherwise than due to the matters referred to in the provision Clause 22（1）hereof．
23．1在開工前，在不減少本合同第22條規定給他的義務和責任條件下，承包人必須對任何可能由于或因施工或因履行本合同而給包括業主的財產在內的任何財產，以及給包括業主的雇員在內的任何人員造成的重大或實質性損害、損失或傷害進行責任保險，本合同第22條規定的事項除外。
（2）Such insurance shall be effected with an insurer and in terms approved by the Employer，which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld，and for at least the amount stated in the Appendix to the Tender．The Contractor shall，whenever required，produce to the Engineer or the Engineers Representative the policy or policies of insurance and the receipts for payment of
the current premiums．
23．2此種保險必須在一保險公司投放，條款得經業主認可，業主不得無故不同意投保，保險金額不得少于標書附件規定的數額。承包人必須隨時應要求向工程師或工程師代表出示保險單和支付現行保險費的收據。
（3）The terms shall include a provision whereby，in the event of any claim in respect of which the Contractor would be entitled to receive indemnity under the policy being brought or made against the Employer，the insurer will indemnify the employer against such claims and any costs，charges and expenses in respect thereof．
23．3保險條款中必須規定，承包人不得對可能得到保險賠償的有關事項對業主提出任何索賠，保險公司應保護業主免受索賠損失，且賠償其有關的任何訴訟費及開支和費用。

24．（1）The Employer shall not be liable for or in respect of any damages or compensation payable at law in respect or in consequence of any accident or injury to any workman or other person in the employment of the Contractor or any sub-contractor，save and except an accident or injury resulting from any act or default of the Employer，his agents，or servants． The Contractor shall indemnify and keep indemnified the Employer against all such damages and compensation， save and except as aforesaid，and against all claims，proceedings，costs，charges and expenses whatsoever in respect thereof or in relation thereto．
24．1業主不對因承包人或任何轉包人的工人或其他雇用人員的任何事故或傷害而根據法律應予支付的任何賠償金負責，除非事故或傷害是由業主、其代理人或雇員的任何行為或玩忽職守引起的。除上述規定外，承包人得保護業主不因所有此種損害賠償，以及因與此有關的所有索賠、訴訟、訴訟費、開支和費用而受損失。
（2）The Contractor shall insure against such liability with an insurer approved by the Employer，which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld，and shall continue such insurance
during the whole of the time that any persons are employed by him on the Works and shall，when
required，produce to the Engineer or the Engineers Representative such policy of insurance and the receipt for payment of the current premium．Provided always that，in respect of any persons employed by any sub-contractor，the Contractors obligation to insure as aforesaid under this sub-
clause shall be satisfied if the sub-contractor shall have insured against the liability in respect ofsuch persons in such manner that the Employer is indemnified under the policy，but the Contractor shall require such sub-contractor to produce to the Engineer or the Engineers Representative，when required，such policy of insurance and the receipt for the payment of the current premium．
24．2承包人必須就此種責任投保，保險公司得經業主同意，業主不得無故不予同意，承包人必須在工地雇用工人的整個期間繼續保險，并隨時應要求向工程師或工程師代表出示此種保險單和支付現行保險費的收據。就任何轉包人所雇用的人員，如轉包人已經就此種人員的責任投保，且以業主為保險補償對象，則承包人上述的投保義務得被視作已經履行，但承包人必須要求此轉包人隨時應要求向工程師或工程師代表出示此種保險單和支付現行保險費的收據。

25．If the Contractor shall fail to effect and keep in force the insurance referred to in Clauses
21，23 and 24 hereof，or any other insurance which he may be required to effect under the terms of the Contract，then and in any such case the Employer may effect and keep in force any such insurance and pay such premium or premiums as may be necessary for that purpose and from time to time deduct the amount so paid by the Employer as aforesaid from any monies due or which may become due to the Contractor，or recover the same as a debt due from the Contractor．

25．如果承包人未按本合同第21、23和24條的規定投保和繼續保險，或未按本合同條款規定就應由他投的其他任何保險進行投保，在任何此種情況下，業主可購買和繼續任何保險，支付此種必要的費用，且隨時從應付或可能應付給承包人的款項中將業主上述所支付的費用扣除，或將此作為承包人的負債追償。

26．（1）The Contractor shall give all notices and pay all fees required to be given or paid by any National Or State Statute，Ordinance，or other Law，or any regulation，or by-law of any local or other duly constituted authority in relation to the execution of the Works and by the rules and regulations of all public bodies and companies whose property or rights are affected or may be affected in any way by the Works．
26．1承包人必須按國家或州一切有關施工的制定法、法令、或其他法規、或任何條例、或當地或其他合法當局的地方法規以及所有其財產或權利受到或可能受到工程影響的公共團體和公司的規章制度的規定，發布所有的通告和支付所有的費用。
（2) The Contractor shall conform in all respects with the provisions of any such Statute，Ordinance or Law as aforesaid and the regulations or by-laws of any local or other duly constituted authority which may be applicable to the Works and with such rules and regulations of public bodies and companies as aforesaid and shall keep the Employer indemnified against all penalties and liability of every kind for breach of any such Statute，Ordinance or Law，regulation or by-law．
26．2承包人必須遵守以上任何制定法、法令或法規，可適用于工程的當地或其他合法當局的一切地方法規，以及上述公共團體和公司的規章制度，如違反上述任何此種制定法、法令或法規、條例或地方法規，不得讓業主受任何懲罰和承擔任何責任。
（3）The Employer will repay or allow to the Contractor all such sums as the Engineer shall certify to have been properly payable and paid by the Contractor in respect of such fees．
26．3如工程師證實業主應償還已由承包人支付的此種費用，業主應償付或同意償付承包人所有此種金額。

27．All fossils，coins，articles of value or antiquity and structures and other remains or things of geological or archaeological interest discovered．the Works shall as between the Employer and the Contractor be deemed to be the absolute property of the Employer．The Contractor shall take reasonable precautions to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing or damaging any such article or thing and shall immediately upon discovery thereof and，befor lemoval，acquaint the Engineers Representative of such discovery and carry out，at the expense of the Employer，the Engineers Representatives orders as to the disposal of the same．
27．所有在工地發現的化石、錢幣、有價值的物品或古物、建筑物和其他具有地質或考古價值的遺址或物品，均應被業主和承包人共同認定為是業主的絕對財產。承包人必須采取恰當的措施，防止其工人或其他任何人轉移或破壞任何此種物品，并在物品發現后不得轉移，立即通知工程師代表并執行工程師代表的有關處置命令，其費用由業主承擔。

28．The Contractor shall save harmless and indemnify the Employer from and against all claims and proceedings for or on account of infringement of any patent rights，design，trademark or name or other protected rights in respect of any Constructional Plant，machine work，or material used for or in connection with the Works or any of them and from and against all claims， proceedings，damages，costs，charges and expenses whatsoever in respect thereof or in relation thereto． Except where otherwise specified，the Contractor shall pay all tonnage and other royalties，rent and other payments or compensation，if any，for getting stone，sand，gravel clay or other materials required for the Works or any of them．
28．承包人必須保護業主不得因在工程或部分工程中使用或涉及到任何建筑設備、機械加工、或材料，從而侵犯與之有關的專利權、外觀設計、商標或商號或其他應受保障的權利而遭索賠或被起訴，并必須保護業主免受與此有關的任何索賠、訴訟、損害賠償金、訴訟費、支出或費用的損害。除另有規定外，承包人必須承擔工程或部分工程所需的石頭、沙子、砂礫、泥土或其他材料的運費、沙石產地使用費、租金和其他費用或補償（如果有）。

29．All operations necessary for the execution of the Works shall，so far as compliance with the requirements of the Contract permits，be carried on so as not to interfere unnecessarily or improperly with the convenience of the public，or the access to，use and occupation of public or private roads and footpaths to or of properties whether in the possession of the Employer or of any other person．The Contractor shall save harmless and indemnify the Employer in respect of all claims, proceedings，damages，costs，charges and expenses whatsoever arising out of，or in relation to，any such matters in so far as the Contractor is responsible therefor．
29．所有施工必需的活動，凡符合合同許可證的規定，必須開展，從而保證不無故妨礙公眾的便利，或妨礙公共或私人道路的通行、使用和占用，無論道路是通向或是在業主或其他人的地產上。倘若發生此類應由承包人負責的事件，承包人必須保護業主免受由此而引而起的任何索賠、訴訟、損害賠償費、訴訟費、開支和費用的損害。

30．（1）The Contractor shall use every reasonable means to prevent any of the highways or bridges communicating with or on the routes to the Site from being damaged or injured by any traffic of the Contractor or any of his sub一contractors and，in particular，shall select routes, choose and use vehicles and restrict and distribute loads so that any such extraordinary traffic as will inevitably arise from the moving of plant and material from and to the Site shall be limited asfar as reasonably possible，and so that no unnecessary damage or injury may be occasioned to such highways and bridges．
30．1承包人必須采取各種合理手段，防止連接或通向工地的任何公路或橋梁由于承包人或其任何轉包人的使用而遭受損害，承包人尤其必須挑選路線、選擇使用車輛，限制和分散裝載量，從而使因往來于工地的設備和材料的運輸而必然造成的異常交通盡可能地被合理限
制，由此避免對公路和橋梁造成不必要的損害。
（2）Should it be found necessary for the Contractor to move one or more loads of Constructional Plant，machinery or pre一constructed units or parts of units of work over part of a highway or bridge，the moving whereof is likely to damage any highway or bridge unless special protection or strengthening is carried out，then the Contractor shall before moving the load on to such highway or bridge give notice to the Engineer or Engineers Representative of the weight and other particulars of the load to be moved and his proposals for protecting or strengthening the said highway or bridge．Unless within fourteen days of the receipt of such notice the Engineer shall by counternotice direct that such protection or strengthening is unnecessary，then the Contractor will carry out such proposals or any modification thereof that the Engineer shall require and，unless there is an item or are items in the Bill of Quantities for pricing by the Contractor of the necessary works for the protection or strengthening aforesaid，the costs thereof shall be paid by the Employer to the Contractor．
30．2如承包人必須經部分公路或橋梁一次或多次運送建筑設備、機械或工程預制件或預制部件，如不采取特殊保護和加固措施，此種運送很可能損壞公路或橋梁，承包人運送貨物通過此公路或橋梁前必須通知工程師或工程師代表，告之運送貨物的重量及其他具體情況，以及其擬對上述公路或橋梁采取的保護和加固措施。除非在接到通知14天內，工程師以取消通知的方式指示不必采取此種保護或加固措施，承包人將施行此種方案或施行經工程師要求修改后的方案，除非建筑工程清單中含有一項或多項已由承包人標價的上述公路或橋梁保護或加固的必要項目，其費用得由業主向承包人支付。
（3） If during the execution of the Works or at any time thereafter the contractor shall receive any claim arising out of the execution of the Works in respect of damage or injury to highways or bridges he shall immediately report the sums to the Engineer and thereafter the Employer shall negotiate the settlement of and pay all sums due in respect of such claim and shall indemnify the Contractor in respect thereof and in respect of all claims，proceedings，damages，Costs，charges and expenses in relation thereto． Provided always that if and二far as any such claims or part thereof shall in the opinion of the Engineer be due to any failure on the part of the Contractor to observe and perform his obligations under sub-clauses（1) and（2）of this Clause，then the amount certified by the Engineer to be due to such failure shall be paid by the Contractor to the Employer．
30．3如果在施工期間或以后任何時間，承包人因施工損壞公路或橋梁而被索賠，他必須立即報告工程師，其后，業主將商洽解決并支付索賠款，并保護承包人免受該索賠以及與之有關的一切索賠、訴訟、損害賠償金、訴訟費、開支和費用的損害。如果工程師認為造成此種索賠或部分索賠的原因在于承包人沒有履行本條第1款和第2款規定的義務，由工程師確認的因此種不履行而損失的款額必須由承包人支付給業主。
（4）Where the nature of the Works is such as to require the use by the Contractor ofwaterborne transport the foregoing provisions of this Clause shall be construed as though “highway included a lock，dock，sea wall or other structure related to a waterway and“vehicle included craft，and shall have effect accordingly．
30．4如果工程性質需要承包人使用水路運輸，本條上述規定必須按“公路”包括船閘、碼頭、防波堤或其他有關的水路設施，“運輸工具”包括船只來予以解釋，并由此而施行。

31．The Contractor shall，in accordance with the requirements of the Engineer，afford all reasonable opportunities for carrying out their work to any other contractors employed by the Employer and their workmen and to the workmen of the Employer and of any other duly constituted authorities who may be employed in the execution on or near the Site of any work not included in the Contract or of any contract which the Employer may enter into in connection with or auxiliary to the Works．if，however，the Contractor shall，on the written request of the Engineer or the Engineers Representative，make available to any such other contractor，or to the Employer or any such authority，any roads or ways for the maintenance of which the Contractor is responsible，or permit the use by any such of the contractors scaffolding or other plant on the Site，or provide any other service of whatsoever nature for any such，the Employer shall pay to the Contractor in respect of such use or service such sum or sums as shall，in the opinion of the Engineer，be reasonable，
31．承包人必須按工程師的要求，為業主雇用的其他承包商及其工人，以及為業主或其他合法當局雇用的工人提供合理開展工作的機會，這些工人可受雇在工地上或附近，從事不為本合同規定的任何工作或由業主簽訂的與工程有關或附屬工程的任何其他合同規定的工作。然而，如承包人應工程師或工程師代表的書面要求，為其他承包人、